Car construction.



No. 799,325. PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

G. GIBBS.

GAR CONSTRUCTION.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

ATTES'T- IN-VENTORI j GEORGE GIBBS.

I I l BYWWLQLL {v v ATT'Y'SQ PATBNTED SEPT. 12, 1905.

G. GIBBS. GAR CONSTRUCTION. APPLIOATION FILED MAY 3, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR GEORGE GIBBS.

ATIY s.

UNITED sT rEs PATENT OFFICE. I

(iEORG-E GIBBS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CAR CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 12, 1905,

Application filed May 3, 1905. Serial No. 253,610.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I. GEORGE GIBBs, a citizen of this specification, .inwhich Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the skeleton side frame ofa railway-car constructed in accordance with myfinvention.

Fig. 2is a fragmentary sideelevational view. of a slightly-modified'formof skeleton side frame. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectionalview on the line 3 3of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectionalview through the caron the line 4 4- of Fig. 2. Fig.5 is across-sectional view throughamodified form of side frame, the bracing being shown in elevation. Fig.6 is a sectional view througha furtherflmodifled form of ,bracing, andFig. 7 is a further modified form of bracing.

This invention relates to the general class of railway rolling-stock,but particularly to a framing for steel cars.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a steel car possessinga maximum strength combined with a minimum weight;

and, broadly stated, the invention includes side trusses arranged underthe window-sills,which span the space between the body-bolsters, so asto transfer the weight and. strain thereto.

It is also the object of this invention to provide a side doorintermediate'the body-bolsters, and preferably at the middle of the car.In order to provide such a structure with the door intermediate'thebody-bolsters, it is necessary that the side trusses shall be below thefloor-level adjacent to the door; but the trusses may extend above thefloor-level on either or both sides of the door. In an ordinaryconstruction of car it will be necessary to practically cut the trussesin two and leave only the under-framing to carry the loads. With aconstruction similar to the one illustrated in this application the loadis carried by the side trusses and transmitted to the body-bolsters.

In the construction shown I prefer to use a bent truss arranged to becarried underneath the middle door, which truss is preferably of lessdepth under the door-sill than at other portions. Thus the bent trusswill provide rigidity, and the carrying strength of the side sills andtheir stifl'ening against all forms of strain may be provided for byproperly proportioning the truss. In this construction of passenger-carframing lightness and strength are secured .by a system of deep sidetrusses, with cross-bearing trusses to stiffen against lateraldeformation, and the carrying of the major portion of the floor-load isinsured.

This arrangement has great advantage over supporting the weight at themiddleof the car by truss-rods,as the bent truss makes a car which islaterally and vertically stiff and which will effectually resist buffingstrains.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 indicates "the side posts. andZindicates the metal side posts, which also constitute the door-posts,

which frame in the sides of the door-opening, preferably at about themiddle of the car.

3 indicates one of the lower side sills, which also forms thefloor-support of the lower m'em-' ber of the truss and is continuousfrom end to end. The uppermember of the truss, which also constitutes.the belt-rail under the windows, is designated at 1. "This upper memberis illustrated as being continuous from the ends to the centerdoor-posts 2, so to form a finish under the side windows.

5 designatesa downwardly bent or deflect ed truss member which passesunder the doorsill and is secured at its end to the upper chord 5 of thetruss. Thus the upper chord of the truss is made practically continuous,in effect, from one end of the car to the other. The u pper and lowerchords of the truss member are stiffened by diagonals 6, the upper chordbeing the compression member of thetruss and the lower chord memberbeing the tension member of the truss.

7 is-a plate which is connected to the upper and lower chords of thetruss and is illustrated as being below the door-sill. This plate 7 willserve as a girder, so that the side, in effect, will be a combinationgirder and truss. The upper ends of the posts 1 and 2 are connected toan angle side plate, which will assist in stiffening the sides of thecar and relieve some of the strain on the truss.

The re ference-nu'meral 9 designates diagonal braces secured to theupper and lower truss members, so as to assist in preventing buckling ofthe lower truss member.

10 designates cross-bearers below the floor of the car, whichcross-bearers are shown as comprising channels the webs of which arevertical. These cross-bearers are arranged,

below the center sills 11, and they are secured as being secured to attheir ends to the trussed sides to prevent the side trusses frombuckling at the lower portions. \Vhile I prefer to construct thesecross-bearers 10 of channel form, I reservethe right to utilize othershapes or castings, if desirable. The cross-bearer 10 is combined with adiagonal truss 12, so as to comprise a crossbearing truss to communicatethe weight of the floor to the side trusses. Similar crossbearers arearranged at suitable points along i the car and are preferably arrangedto aline with the backs of the car-seats, of which they may form a part.1

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated the diagonals 12 castings under the centersills, while in Fig. 7 they are shown as being/ secured to thecross-bearers, having end portions substantially flush with the top ofthe center sills and intermediate portions below the center sills, towhich they are secured by suitable castings 13. This construction may beprovided by bending the cross-bearers intermediate their ends, so .thatthey will .pass

' down beneath the center sills, the portions be- -'constitute theoutside finish tween the center sills and sides being substantiallyflush with the tops of -said center sills.

It is to be understood; of course,- that the trussed sides will be.provided with plates to of the car, and these plates may be so arrangedwith respect to the upper and lower chords of the trussas to constitutethe webs of a plate-girder, so that throughout the car I mayhave theadvantage in strength of a plate-girder side combined with a truss.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is y 1. In a railway-car, trussed sides, theupper chords of which serve as belt-rails under the windows, said upperchords beingdeflected to form the sill of a door-opening; substantiallyas described.

2. A railway passenger-car, having side trusses provided with acontinuous upper chord member above the floor of the car, said upperchord member being deflected to pass below a door-opening intermediatethe ends of the car; substantially as described.

8. A railway passenger-car, the sides of which consist of trussedmembers of less depth below a side door-opening than below I theWindows; substantially as described.

4. In a railway passengencar, the combination with body-bolsters, ofsides carried by the bolsters and comprising trussed structures, theupper chords of which form beltrails adjacent to the windows, part ,ofsaid trusses being bent intermediate their ends so that the upper chordsthereof rest below a door-opening in said car side; substantially asdescribed.

5. A railway passenger-car having trussed sides, parts of the upperchords of which are deflected downwardly to frame in the bottom of adoor-opening; substantially as described. 6. A "railway passenger-carhaving truss sidesprovidedwith upper and lower chords, parts of saidupper chords of which aredefiected downwardly to frame in the bottom ofthe door-opening, at which points said truss is. relatively shallow,diagonals connecting the upperjand. lower chords of the relativelyshallowportionof said truss, and plates connected to the upper a'ndlowerchords of said truss at the relatively shallow portion; substantially asdescribed; a

7. A railway passenger-car having trussed sides provided diagonalsconnecting said upper and lower chords, web-plates connected to theupper and lower chordsof said truss, said trusses being of less widthsat their intermediate portions than at their ends; substantially asdescribed.

.8. A-truss side forrailway passenger-cars, the upper and .lower chordsof which are of uniform distances apart above the bottom of the car, andcloser together at the middle portion of the car; substantially asdescribed.

9. In a railway passenger-car, trussed sides, the upper chords of whichconstitute the beltrail, said belt-rails being deflected intermediatetheir ends to frame in the bottom of a door-opening, and plates securedto the upper and lower chords of said trussed sides; sub-' stantially asdescribe 10. In a railway passenger-car, trussed sides, the upper chordsof which form'a beltrail, posts secured to said sides and extendingabove thesame, an angle side plate secured to the upper ends of theposts, and web-plates secured to the upper and lower chords of thetrussedsides; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiixmy signature, in the presence oftwo witnesses, this 27th .day of April, 1905.

r I GEORGE GIBBS.

W itnesses:

W. L.'I\IURRAY, H. S. JOHNSON.

with upper and lower chords,

